Many exoplanets, as planets outside our Solar System are called, have been discovered by astronomers. The conditions there are truly terrible.
TOI-1431b. Also known as MASCARA-5b, this planet is 490 light-years from Earth and is one of the hottest planets ever discovered. The temperature reaches 2,700 degrees Celsius during the day, and 2,300 degrees Celsius at night. So hot, metal can evaporate on the planet. Photo: University of Southern Queensland.
PSR B1257+12 b, c and d. These three exoplanets are actually remnants of the solar system before the star PSR B1257+12 exploded and a supernova occurred. Now the star PSR B1257+12 emits a very strong beam of radiation that can be detected from Earth. The three nearby planets are always bombarded with lethal radiation.
HD 189733 b. This is a gas planet whose daytime temperatures can reach 965 degrees Celsius. Less extreme? On this planet winds can blow at a speed of 7,242 km / h, or six times the speed of sound.
HD 209458 b. This planet has many components that can support life such as water, water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide. But don't rush to get there because the planet is so close to its star that its atmosphere boils. Photo: NASA/JPL-Caltech.
Wasp-76b experienced iron rain. It is very close to its star. As a result, the daytime temperature reaches 4,000 degrees Celsius, hot enough for metal to evaporate. But on the other side, which is always dark because it's not facing the star, the temperature is 1,000 degrees cooler so the metal can condense and drip like rain.
GJ 1214b. The planet is covered in water but don't try to swim there. This planet is only 2 million km from its star so the heat on its surface ranges from 120 to 280 degrees Celsius.
HD 149026b. It is one of the hottest and densest planets ever discovered. The heat on the surface of HD 149026b reaches 2,037 degrees Celsius or three times hotter than the surface of Venus, which is the hottest planet in the solar system. The planet is so hot it absorbs all the heat from its star and can barely reflect light. Photo: NASA/JPL-Caltech
COROT-7b. It is a rocky planet like Earth. Because it is rocky, the rain that falls on this exoplanet is in the form of small pebbles. This is because its atmosphere is made up of the same materials as rock, including iron, silicon monoxide, sodium and potassium.
5 Cancri e. This planet was thought to be filled with diamonds and graphite. But after research, it turns out that 55 Cancri e has a temperature of around 2,704 degrees Celsius. Beneath its thick atmosphere, the planet is thought to have a vast sea of lava.